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Assessment of Open Ran (view source)

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NTT Docomo is one of the cheerleaders supporting the deployment of Open Ran architecture. In fact, it has a lab in its research and development(R&D) center dedicated to testing and verification of Open Ran systems<ref>https://www.fiercewireless.com/5g/ntt-docomo-shares-open-vran-lab-global-carriers</ref>. The lab is shared with thirteen other global vendors, which include Vmware, Red Hat, Intel, NEC, Fujitsu, etc. Docomo started deploying multi-vendor Open Ran in its 4G and 5G networks in September 2019<ref>https://www.docomo.ne.jp/english/info/media_center/pr/2019/0918_00.html</ref>. Its goal was to have 10,000 base stations by June 2021, 20,000 base stations by March 2022, and 90% coverage by March 2024<ref>https://www.mobileworldlive.com/asia/asia-news/docomo-takes-open-ran-expertise-to-the-world/#:~:text=Abeta%20said%20Docomo%20plans%20to,nearly%2084%20million%20mobile%20customers.</ref>. According to its vice president Sadayuki Abeta, Docomo's multi-vendor network is currently at the commercial stage<ref name=":42">https://senzafili.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/SenzaFili_DD_ORAN_Ecosystem.pdf<!-- Page 48 --></ref>.   
NTT Docomo is one of the cheerleaders supporting the deployment of Open Ran architecture. In fact, it has a lab in its research and development(R&D) center dedicated to testing and verification of Open Ran systems<ref>https://www.fiercewireless.com/5g/ntt-docomo-shares-open-vran-lab-global-carriers</ref>. The lab is shared with thirteen other global vendors, which include Vmware, Red Hat, Intel, NEC, Fujitsu, etc. Docomo started deploying multi-vendor Open Ran in its 4G and 5G networks in September 2019<ref>https://www.docomo.ne.jp/english/info/media_center/pr/2019/0918_00.html</ref>. Its goal was to have 10,000 base stations by June 2021, 20,000 base stations by March 2022, and 90% coverage by March 2024<ref>https://www.mobileworldlive.com/asia/asia-news/docomo-takes-open-ran-expertise-to-the-world/#:~:text=Abeta%20said%20Docomo%20plans%20to,nearly%2084%20million%20mobile%20customers.</ref>. According to its vice president Sadayuki Abeta, Docomo's multi-vendor network is currently at the commercial stage<ref name=":42">https://senzafili.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/SenzaFili_DD_ORAN_Ecosystem.pdf<!-- Page 48 --></ref>.   


3. Dish
=== 3. Dish ===
Dish is the only operator in the US that has deployed Open Ran in its network. It is a greenfield operator with no 4G or legacy network. As such, its network is purely 5G. Dish's network also leverages cloud-native architecture. It was launched in May 2022 in Las Vegas, and by June 2022, Dish had expanded it to more than 120 cities in the US, hence offering more than 20% coverage to the US population<ref>https://about.dish.com/2022-06-15-DISHs-Smart-5G-TM-Wireless-Network-is-Now-Available-to-Over-20-Percent-of-the-U-S-Population</ref>. The company plans to meet its 70% coverage for the US population by 2023. Its Vice President of Technology Development, Sidd Chenumolu, acknowledged in an interview that Open Ran is a gateway to many untapped opportunities. He said, "Open RAN is our gateway in terms of programmability, flexibility, openness and disaggregation to try out new things, and to offer and deliver the services envisioned by 5G." However, he also confirmed that integration is the biggest challenge impacting Open Ran.<ref>https://about.dish.com/2022-06-15-DISHs-Smart-5G-TM-Wireless-Network-is-Now-Available-to-Over-20-Percent-of-the-U-S-Population</ref>


Dish is the only operator in the US that has deployed Open Ran in its network. It is a greenfield operator with no 4G or legacy network. As such, its network is purely 5G. Dish's network also leverages cloud-native architecture. It was launched in May 2022 in Las Vegas, and by June 2022, Dish had expanded it to more than 120 cities in the US, hence offering more than 20% coverage to the US population<ref>https://about.dish.com/2022-06-15-DISHs-Smart-5G-TM-Wireless-Network-is-Now-Available-to-Over-20-Percent-of-the-U-S-Population</ref>. The company plans to meet its 70% coverage for the US population by 2023. Its Vice President of Technology Development, Sidd Chenumolu, acknowledged in an interview that Open Ran is a gateway to many untapped opportunities. He said, "Open RAN is our gateway in terms of programmability, flexibility, openness and disaggregation to try out new things, and to offer and deliver the services envisioned by 5G." However, he also confirmed that integration is the biggest challenge impacting Open Ran.<ref>https://about.dish.com/2022-06-15-DISHs-Smart-5G-TM-Wireless-Network-is-Now-Available-to-Over-20-Percent-of-the-U-S-Population</ref>
=== 4. 1&1 ===
In August 2021, 1&1 entered into a contract with Rakuten to start building a 4G and 5G network using Open Ran. This made 1&1 the first greenfield operator in Europe to tap the benefits of Open Ran. Its architecture is based on Rakuten's playbook; hence it has been tried and tested. 1&1 has an obligation to provide 25% and 50% coverage to German citizens by 2025 and 2030, respectively. That means its Open Ran network should be operational by then. Given that it's a greenfield operator, we don't expect it to encounter much integration challenges. Already, the tests carried on the network paints an hopeful picture for the company


== Final Assessment ==
== Final Assessment ==
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